The steering suddenly feels heavy, like turning a brick instead of a wheel. You pull over, pop the hood, and realize you have no idea where the power steering fluid goes. Don’t worry—you’re not alone. Many Ford Explorer owners have asked the same thing. In this article, we’ll break it all down in the easiest way possible.
The 2013 Ford Explorer doesn’t use traditional hydraulic power steering. It comes with an Electric Power-Assisted Steering (EPAS) system, which means there’s no power steering fluid reservoir under the hood. Instead of fluid pressure, it uses an electric motor to help you steer. However, you still need to check other fluids regularly—like transmission and brake fluids—to ensure smooth handling.
Understanding the 2013 Ford Explorer Steering System
Before searching for the power steering fluid, it helps to understand how the steering system in your 2013 Ford Explorer actually works. Earlier models of vehicles used hydraulic systems powered by fluid pressure. These systems needed a pump, hoses, and a reservoir to hold the power steering fluid. The fluid circulated under pressure to make steering easier, especially at low speeds.
However, Ford switched to Electric Power-Assisted Steering (EPAS) in many models, including the 2013 Explorer. This system doesn’t rely on fluid at all. Instead, it uses an electric motor and sensors that detect how much steering force you need. When you turn the wheel, the system gives you an assist automatically through the motor.
This design is more efficient because it eliminates the drag from a hydraulic pump. It also reduces maintenance since there’s no fluid to check, top off, or replace. But many people still look for a reservoir simply because they’re used to the old system. If you’ve opened the hood and can’t find one, don’t worry—it’s not missing. It simply doesn’t exist in this setup.
You might still hear a faint hum while turning the wheel—that’s just the electric motor doing its job. No leaks, no fluid levels to maintain, and no messy hoses mean fewer repairs in the long run. Understanding this difference will help you feel confident when maintaining your vehicle.
- The 2013 Explorer uses Electric Power-Assisted Steering (EPAS).
- There’s no power steering fluid reservoir.
- The system relies on an electric motor, not hydraulic fluid.
- It’s more efficient and needs less maintenance.
Locating the Power Steering Components
Even though your Explorer doesn’t have a power steering fluid reservoir, it still has steering components that you can identify under the hood. When you open the hood, you’ll see the battery on one side and the engine cover in the center. The electric power steering motor is mounted on the steering rack, located near the front axle underneath the vehicle.
You won’t see visible hoses or a round plastic cap labeled “power steering fluid.” That’s because EPAS systems work electronically. Instead of hydraulic lines, sensors and wiring connect the steering column to the electronic control unit. These sensors communicate with the vehicle’s computer to adjust steering assistance based on speed, road surface, and driving style.
If your steering feels stiff or inconsistent, the issue might not be fluid-related. It could be a software problem, low battery voltage, or a weak alternator. Since the system depends on electricity, even a small power loss can affect steering performance. Checking your battery terminals and charging system can solve the issue before assuming something major is wrong.
Sometimes, owners confuse the brake fluid reservoir for the power steering one. The brake fluid reservoir is small, usually white or yellow, and located near the back of the engine bay on the driver’s side. Make sure you don’t open or top it up unnecessarily unless the fluid level is low.
- The steering motor is on the rack under the engine.
- No hoses or reservoir are visible under the hood.
- Issues may be electrical, not fluid-related.
- Brake fluid reservoir is a common mix-up spot.
Checking Other Important Fluids
Even if your Explorer doesn’t have power steering fluid, it still depends on other vital fluids. Keeping them at proper levels helps your vehicle run smoothly and prevents strain on the steering system too. Start with the engine oil. Check it regularly with the dipstick, usually marked in yellow. Clean oil ensures your engine runs efficiently, giving consistent power to all systems.
Next, check the brake fluid. Low brake fluid can sometimes feel like a steering issue because the brake and steering systems share some components in sensing and response. Use only the fluid type recommended in your owner’s manual, usually DOT 4 for Ford vehicles.
Coolant is another important one. It keeps your engine from overheating. If the engine gets too hot, it can affect sensors connected to the power steering motor. The coolant reservoir is translucent and often located near the radiator. Keep it between the MIN and MAX lines.
Finally, check your transmission fluid. While not directly tied to steering, low or dirty transmission fluid can affect how the car shifts and responds, giving a similar feeling to a stiff steering wheel. Checking these regularly prevents confusion and ensures overall vehicle health.
- Engine oil, brake, and coolant fluids are essential.
- Low brake fluid can mimic steering issues.
- Coolant affects temperature sensors tied to steering.
- Regular checks prevent performance loss.
Diagnosing Steering Problems Without Fluid
If your 2013 Explorer’s steering feels heavy or strange, don’t jump to fluid fixes. Since it’s an electric system, problems usually come from sensors, wiring, or electrical components. Start by checking your dashboard for warning lights. A steering wheel icon or “Service Power Steering” message means the EPAS system has detected a problem.
Turn off the vehicle and restart it. Sometimes, software glitches reset themselves. If the warning returns, inspect your battery connections. Loose or corroded terminals can interrupt power flow to the steering motor. A weak battery can also make the wheel feel heavier, especially during cold starts.
If everything electrical checks out, the problem might be with the steering control module or the motor itself. These parts sometimes fail over time. In that case, a professional diagnosis using a scan tool can read the specific error codes. Many mechanics can reprogram the system or replace faulty components without needing fluid changes or mechanical adjustments.
Avoid spraying lubricants or cleaners near the steering column or motor. They can damage sensors. Instead, focus on keeping the area dry and free from dirt. Regular car washes and engine bay cleaning help reduce dust buildup that can affect connections.
- Check for dashboard warnings.
- Inspect and tighten battery terminals.
- A weak battery or alternator can cause stiffness.
- Don’t use fluid or spray cleaners near steering parts.
Maintaining the Electric Steering System
Maintenance for electric steering is simpler than hydraulic systems, but it still requires attention. Begin with keeping your battery healthy. EPAS depends entirely on consistent electrical power. Replace weak batteries promptly and have the charging system tested during regular service visits.
Next, make sure your wheel alignment is correct. Misaligned wheels put unnecessary strain on the steering motor, causing premature wear. If you notice your steering pulling to one side, get an alignment check. Balanced tires also make steering easier and extend the life of suspension parts.
Keep the area under your hood clean. Dust and debris can affect electrical connections or sensors. Wiping down with a soft cloth occasionally helps prevent buildup. Avoid pressure washing near the steering components underneath the car since water can enter connectors.
Software updates are another key part of maintenance. Ford occasionally releases updates that improve EPAS performance. During service appointments, ask your dealer if any steering-related updates are available. These small digital adjustments can make a big difference in smoothness and response.
- Maintain a strong, clean battery.
- Keep wheels aligned and tires balanced.
- Avoid spraying water near connectors.
- Ask for software updates at service visits.
What to Do If Steering Still Feels Stiff
Sometimes, even when everything looks fine, the steering may still feel off. The most common reason is low electrical voltage or a weak alternator. Have your mechanic test the charging system output. If voltage is below normal, the electric motor doesn’t receive enough power, making steering feel heavier.
Cold weather can also make EPAS systems feel different. The electric motor can be slightly slower in freezing temperatures, but this usually improves as the car warms up. If it doesn’t, check the condition of your battery or cables for corrosion.
Another cause could be worn suspension parts like tie rods or ball joints. When these parts wear out, the steering wheel feels tight or unresponsive. Replacing them restores the natural feel of the wheel. Sometimes, debris or salt buildup on the steering rack can also restrict movement, especially if you drive in winter conditions.
If none of these fixes help, professional inspection is best. A qualified technician can scan your car’s computer for stored steering codes and find out exactly what’s wrong. Ignoring stiffness can lead to bigger issues or even sudden steering loss.
- Test alternator and battery voltage.
- Check for corrosion on cables.
- Inspect tie rods and suspension joints.
- Get a professional scan for stored codes.
Final Thoughts
The 2013 Ford Explorer’s steering system is modern, smart, and efficient—but also misunderstood. It doesn’t use fluid, relying instead on precise electric power assistance. Knowing how it works saves you from chasing a nonexistent fluid reservoir. Regular maintenance of your battery, alignment, and electrical system keeps your steering light, safe, and effortless. Once you understand how it functions, you’ll handle future steering concerns confidently and without confusion.
| Component | System Type | Maintenance Needed | Common Issues |
|---|---|---|---|
| Steering Assist | Electric (EPAS) | Battery & software updates | Low voltage, worn motor |
| Reservoir | Not applicable | None | Misunderstood as missing |
| Battery | Electrical power source | Regular check & cleaning | Weak or corroded terminals |
| Wheel alignment | Suspension | Check every 6 months | Steering pull, stiffness |
| Control module | Electronic | Software updates | Faulty sensor data |
| Alternator | Charging system | Test output regularly | Low voltage supply |
Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)
Is it normal that my 2013 Explorer has no power steering fluid reservoir?
Yes, it’s completely normal. The 2013 Ford Explorer uses an Electric Power-Assisted Steering system, which operates without hydraulic fluid. Instead, an electric motor and sensors control steering effort. This design improves efficiency and requires less maintenance. Many drivers are surprised to find no fluid reservoir under the hood, but that’s exactly how it’s meant to be. You’ll never need to top up or replace steering fluid because the system doesn’t use any.
Can low battery affect my steering in a 2013 Ford Explorer?
Yes, a weak or dying battery can absolutely affect your steering. Since the system depends on electrical power, low voltage reduces the motor’s ability to provide steering assistance. The wheel may feel heavier or stiffer, especially at low speeds. Recharging or replacing the battery often restores normal function. Always keep terminals clean and have your alternator tested to make sure the system is delivering proper power.
Do I need to service my electric steering regularly?
While EPAS systems require less maintenance than hydraulic ones, they still need care. Regularly inspect your battery, electrical connections, and wheel alignment. During routine services, ask technicians to check for software updates from Ford. Clean the area around the steering components to prevent debris buildup. With simple attention, your steering will remain reliable and responsive for years.
Is it expensive to repair the EPAS system?
Repairs for electric steering can vary in cost. Minor issues like wiring faults or sensor errors may be affordable to fix. However, if the electric steering motor or control module fails, repairs can become more expensive. The good news is that these components rarely break down when maintained properly. Routine checks of the charging system and avoiding water exposure help prevent costly failures.
Can I convert my electric steering to hydraulic?
No, converting an EPAS system to hydraulic isn’t recommended or practical. The two systems work entirely differently. Your Explorer’s design, computer system, and sensors are built for electric steering. Installing hydraulic components would require major modifications, which are costly and unsafe. It’s best to maintain the electric setup—it’s efficient, reliable, and doesn’t require fluid.
Do I check power steering the same way as older cars?
No, not for this model. Older cars had a reservoir with a dipstick or level mark to check fluid. The 2013 Explorer doesn’t have that. Instead, check for electrical issues like low battery voltage, worn connectors, or alignment problems if your steering feels off. You’ll never need to open a cap or pour in fluid with this vehicle’s system.
Is it okay to spray cleaner near the steering rack?
It’s best not to. The steering rack in your Explorer houses sensitive electrical connections. Spraying water or cleaner directly on it can cause corrosion or shorts. If you want to clean under the car, use a gentle wipe and avoid direct sprays. Keeping the area dry and dirt-free is enough for maintenance.
Do I need to reset the system after a battery change?
In some cases, yes. After a battery replacement, the steering may feel slightly stiff or behave differently for the first few drives. The system recalibrates automatically as you turn the wheel a few times. If the warning light appears or the stiffness remains, you can visit a service center for a quick reset using diagnostic tools.